中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
米糠、麦麸重回餐桌 你吃不吃?****** 米糠、麦麸重回餐桌 你吃不吃? 专家:饮食健康的一种选择,但不能当饭吃 春节假期刚过,当不少人还沉浸在大鱼大肉的氛围中时,近日,一则“卫健委传来好消息,米糠、麦麸有望重回百姓餐桌”的文章引起网友议论,该文称,米糠中有大量的膳食纤维和营养物质,比精米、白面营养更丰富,并且还引用了国家卫健委针对人大代表提出的《关于促进米糠回归人类食用提升国民营养的建议》的相关答复。 米糠对于当代人来说可能比较陌生,这种东西能吃吗?营养吗?对于米糠回归食用的建议,成都市第七人民医院营养科主治医师梁清月表示,目前,“吃糠咽菜”再也不是生活所迫,而不失为饮食健康的一种选择。 无害化米糠 将被列入“食药两用名单” 前述网传文章称,米糠、麦麸中含有大量的膳食纤维和营养物质,不仅比精米、白面营养更丰富,同时还能避免很多因饮食过于精细而引发的“富贵病”,此外,米糠还有很大的药用价值。 记者查询得知,此事起源于1月19日国家卫健委对于人大代表提出的《关于促进米糠回归人类食用提升国民营养的建议》的一则答复,该答复表示:目前,米糠主要用于生产饲料,作为粮食原料主要用于生产米糠油。近年来,国家卫健委积极推动食物营养健康产业发展。发展米糠产业,挖掘米糠营养价值,有利于促进粮食减损增效和国民营养健康。 针对“支持米糠安全食用产业发展”等建议,国家卫健委在答复中回应:支持米糠安全食用产业发展,引导相关企业综合利用碎米、米糠、稻壳、麦麸等副产物,开发米粉、米线、米糠油等食品或食品配料;建立米糠无害化评价体系,完善相关食用安全标准;将无害化米糠(即食米糠或食用米糠)列入“食药两用名单”和《药典》…… “吃糠咽菜”不可能 单独作为主食供人食用 米糠就是稻子或谷子上脱下来的皮。成都市第七人民医院营养科主治医师梁清月表示,米糠富含粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、维生素E等营养物质,但按照当前的食品安全法规,米糠不属于普通食品原料,是不可以添加到食品中给人吃的。 不仅如此,米糠也不可能单独作为主食供人食用,因为它难以下咽、难以消化。“米糠要成为食品原料,只能走深加工和少量添加的路线,在一定程度上补充当代人因为吃大量精米白面而缺失的营养。” 日常吃的精米、白面,都属于精制碳水,主体成分是淀粉,仅含有少量蛋白质。梁清月表示,国内外的研究结果和资料表明,米糠中富含各种营养素和生理活性物质,如蛋白质、脂肪酸、维生素、膳食纤维等,这些营养成分恰恰是人体所必需的,正是当代人饮食结构中相对缺乏的,这就是吃粗粮的意义所在。老百姓常说“吃米带点糠,老小都安康”,就体现了米糠的药用价值。《黄帝内经·素问》中有“五谷为养”的论述,五谷指的就是带有糠的谷物。 针对部分网友对米糠上桌持怀疑态度,梁清月认为,随着人们生活水平不断提高,“吃糠咽菜”再也不是生活所迫,而是饮食健康的一种选择。很多人印象中,米糠就是用来喂牲畜的饲料,而用现代碾制技术生产出来的食用级米糠,富含各种营养素和生理活性物质,约占米糠总重量的80%、营养的90%以上,具有促进血液循环、预防心血管疾病、帮助降低血脂等功效。 成都商报-红星新闻记者 叶燕 闫晓峰 (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |